Methadone Taper: Duration, Methods & Treatment Needs

Reducing methadone should always be managed by a healthcare professional, as attempting to discontinue it independently can heighten the risk of relapse. Methadone remains a premier medication for addressing opioid use disorders. Despite being an opioid itself, methadone is commonly utilized to decrease reliance on illicit opioids and alleviate withdrawal symptoms.

Numerous addiction treatment facilities include methadone in their medication-assisted treatment (MAT) programs to aid individuals in ceasing the misuse of prescription or illegal opioids. While some patients may experience a gradual reduction in their methadone dosage, it is generally maintained long-term to prevent the use of other opioids.

Specialists advise that individuals with opioid use disorder should remain on methadone indefinitely. This recommendation is based on the high likelihood of relapse when methadone is discontinued after overcoming opioid addiction. Only about 13% of those who cease opioids with methadone and then stop treatment remain opioid-free in the long run. Therefore, it is crucial to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of stopping methadone with your addiction counselors before making any decisions. If both you and your healthcare provider agree to discontinue methadone, it is typically best to gradually reduce the dose rather than stopping abruptly.

What Is Methadone Used For?

Methadone (also known as Methadose or Dolophine) is a Schedule II opioid prescribed to manage pain and assist individuals in overcoming opioid dependence. When used for opioid use disorder, methadone can be administered indefinitely to mitigate withdrawal symptoms and block the euphoric effects of other opioids. This dual action helps eliminate both the discomfort of withdrawal and the appeal of opioid use, thereby supporting long-term abstinence.

Methadone Addiction

As a Schedule II controlled substance, methadone carries potential risks for abuse, addiction, and dependence. Although it is a long-acting opioid with a lower likelihood of producing a high, methadone addiction remains a possibility.

Risk factors for methadone addiction include:

• Consuming higher doses than prescribed
• Taking methadone more frequently than directed
• Visiting multiple doctors or pharmacies to obtain methadone
• Exaggerating pain to secure more methadone
• Stealing, purchasing, or borrowing methadone from others

Indicators of methadone addiction are similar to those of other substances and may involve:

• Preoccupation with obtaining and using methadone or recovering from its use
• Diminished interest in previously enjoyed activities
• Declining performance at work or school due to methadone use
• Neglecting personal responsibilities because of methadone
• Financial or legal issues related to methadone consumption

Methadone Withdrawal

Physical dependence on an opioid like methadone means that your brain and body adapt to its presence. Consequently, abruptly stopping methadone forces your system to rapidly adjust, leading to various uncomfortable withdrawal symptoms.

Methadone Withdrawal Symptoms

Withdrawal from methadone is typically milder compared to other opioids. Symptoms usually begin within 30 hours after the last dose and can persist for up to ten days. These symptoms may include:

• Muscle pain
• Insomnia
• Excessive tearing
• Sweating
• Runny nose
• Yawning
• Dilated pupils
• Abdominal pain
• Goosebumps
• Nausea or vomiting
• Agitation
• Anxiety
• Diarrhea

Can You Die From Methadone Withdrawal?

While methadone withdrawal is intensely uncomfortable, fatalities from opioid withdrawal are exceedingly rare. Most deaths occurring during opioid withdrawal are typically due to dehydration from severe, untreated nausea and vomiting. This underscores the importance of undergoing a medically supervised detox when discontinuing methadone.

How To Get Off Methadone

If you intend to stop methadone, your first step should be consulting your doctor. Discontinuing methadone, especially as part of MAT for opioid use disorder, can significantly increase the risk of relapse. There are two primary methods to stop methadone: quitting abruptly or gradually tapering the dosage.

Quit Methadone Cold Turkey

Abruptly stopping methadone can heighten the likelihood of experiencing opioid withdrawal, which in turn can trigger cravings and potential relapse. If you need to discontinue methadone, it is advisable to avoid quitting suddenly and instead discuss a tapering plan with your healthcare provider.

Methadone Taper Plan

Gradually reducing the methadone dose helps manage withdrawal symptoms more effectively. This tapering process should always be conducted under medical supervision, allowing your doctor to recommend the most appropriate tapering schedule. Typically, the dose is decreased by 5% to 20% every four weeks until methadone is fully discontinued. In certain situations, faster tapering may be necessary, such as:

• Methadone is being misused beyond prescribed guidelines
• Involvement in illegal activities related to methadone
• The dangers of continuing methadone even for a short period outweigh the benefits

How To Wean Off Methadone at Home

While tapering off methadone should ideally be done under medical supervision, your doctor might approve a home-based tapering plan. Key strategies to stay comfortable during the tapering process include:

• Ensure your home is free of drugs (including opioids) and alcohol to minimize temptation if withdrawal symptoms arise.
• Have a supportive individual who can regularly check on you and provide assistance.
• Contact your doctor if you experience any withdrawal symptoms, such as diarrhea, nausea, or vomiting.
• Maintain proper hydration and consume nutritious foods, avoiding junk food and sugary beverages.
• Keep yourself occupied to distract from the tapering process.
• Ensure you get adequate sleep to preserve your health and energy levels.

Medical Detox for Methadone Withdrawal

Attempting to quit methadone without professional help can be challenging, especially if methadone was used to treat opioid use disorder. Fortunately, medical detox and rehabilitation services are available. During medical detox, healthcare professionals can gradually reduce your methadone dose while managing withdrawal symptoms as they occur. Additionally, the tapering schedule can be adjusted as needed to minimize discomfort.

Support at The Recovery Village Salem

The Recovery Village Salem is a comprehensive, state-of-the-art rehab center designed to address your specific needs throughout your recovery journey. Our facility provides a serene, supportive, and therapeutic environment that nurtures both mind and body during the crucial initial stages of recovery.

If you or a loved one is struggling with methadone dependence, The Recovery Village Salem is here to help. Reach out to us today to explore treatment programs tailored to your unique situation.